Buddhism in Silla

Definition

Buddhism in Silla refers to the establishment and development of Buddhist practices, beliefs, and institutions in the Silla kingdom of Korea, particularly during the Silla unification and Unified Silla period (668-935 CE). This religion played a pivotal role in unifying the various tribes and promoting a shared culture, contributing to Silla's political and social cohesion.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Buddhism was officially adopted as the state religion of Silla after its unification in 668 CE, leading to significant state support for Buddhist institutions.
2. The construction of monumental temples, such as Hwangnyongsa, symbolized Silla's commitment to Buddhism and served as centers for religious and cultural activities.
3. Silla monks played a crucial role in transmitting Buddhist teachings from China to Korea, helping to develop a distinct Korean form of Buddhism.
4. Buddhism influenced various aspects of daily life in Silla, including art, literature, and governance, creating a rich cultural tapestry.
5. The decline of Buddhism's influence began in the late Unified Silla period as Confucianism gained prominence, altering the socio-political landscape.

Review Questions

• How did Buddhism contribute to the unification and cultural identity of the Silla kingdom?
  • Buddhism served as a unifying force in the Silla kingdom by promoting a shared spiritual identity among its diverse tribes. The adoption of Buddhism as the state religion fostered cultural exchange and cohesion through shared rituals and celebrations. Additionally, Buddhist temples became centers for education and governance, which helped consolidate power and unify the population under a common belief system.
• Discuss the impact of Buddhist monasticism on society during the Unified Silla period.
  • Buddhist monasticism had a profound impact on society during the Unified Silla period by establishing a network of temples that functioned as educational and cultural centers. Monks were instrumental in preserving Buddhist texts, promoting literacy, and engaging with local communities. Their influence extended beyond religion into politics as they often provided counsel to rulers, thus shaping governance during this era.
• Evaluate how the changes in religious practices during the late Unified Silla period reflect broader shifts in Korean society.
  • The transition from Buddhism's dominance to the rise of Confucianism during the late Unified Silla period reflects significant societal shifts towards more centralized governance and structured social hierarchies. As Confucian values began to shape political discourse and education, this shift highlighted changing attitudes toward authority, family, and morality. Consequently, these evolving religious practices mirrored broader transformations within Korean society that emphasized order, hierarchy, and practical governance over spiritual pursuits.

Related terms

Unified Silla: The period following the unification of the Korean Peninsula under Silla, characterized by cultural flourishing and the establishment of a centralized government.

Buddhist Monasticism: A religious practice in which individuals renounce worldly life to live in community as monks or nuns, central to the spread of Buddhism in Silla.

Cultural Exchange:

The interaction and sharing of cultural elements between different societies, which influenced the development of Buddhism and other aspects of life in Silla.