Crito

Definition

Crito is a dialogue written by Plato that features a conversation between Socrates and his friend Crito, discussing the moral implications of escaping from prison after Socrates has been sentenced to death. This dialogue emphasizes themes such as justice, loyalty, and the social contract, while showcasing Socrates' commitment to his philosophical principles in the face of death.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In 'Crito', Socrates argues against escaping from prison by emphasizing the importance of living a just life over merely preserving life.
2. The dialogue reveals Crito's deep concern for Socrates' well-being and the social pressures he feels to save his friend from execution.
3. Socrates articulates the idea that one should not respond to injustice with further injustice, highlighting his belief in moral integrity.
4. Crito presents arguments rooted in societal expectations and personal loyalty, but Socrates counters these with philosophical reasoning about duty to the state.
5. The dialogue sets the stage for understanding Socrates' philosophy of accepting one's fate and adhering to one's principles, which is further explored in the events leading up to his death.

Review Questions

• How does Socrates' reasoning in 'Crito' reflect his views on justice and moral integrity?
  • In 'Crito', Socrates emphasizes that escaping from prison would be unjust and would compromise his moral integrity. He argues that a person should uphold their principles even in dire situations, demonstrating that true justice cannot be sacrificed for personal safety. Socrates believes that responding to an injustice with further wrongdoing only perpetuates a cycle of injustice, showcasing his commitment to living a life aligned with virtue and philosophy.
• Discuss the contrasting perspectives on loyalty presented by Crito and Socrates in their dialogue.
  • Crito represents a more conventional view of loyalty, feeling compelled to save Socrates because of their friendship and societal expectations. He argues that friends should help each other in times of need, reflecting a loyalty grounded in emotional ties. In contrast, Socrates prioritizes loyalty to his philosophical beliefs and the laws of Athens. He believes that fleeing would undermine his commitment to justice and the social contract he has agreed to as a citizen, thereby reshaping their understanding of what it means to be loyal.
• Evaluate how 'Crito' serves as a precursor to Socrates' trial and death, illustrating his philosophical beliefs.
  • 'Crito' plays a crucial role in framing Socrates' trial and subsequent death by highlighting his unwavering adherence to philosophical ideals over self-preservation. The dialogue sets up the moral landscape within which Socrates operates; he prioritizes virtue over life itself, showing that his philosophical beliefs guide his decisions. This commitment ultimately culminates in his acceptance of death during the trial, reinforcing the idea that true philosophers must remain steadfast in their beliefs, regardless of external pressures or consequences.

Related terms

Socratic Method: A form of cooperative argumentative dialogue that stimulates critical thinking through asking and answering questions to stimulate deeper thought.

Philosopher-King: A concept from Plato's 'Republic' suggesting that the most knowledgeable and wise individuals should rule, combining philosophy with governance.

Social Contract: A theory that individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler in exchange for protection of their remaining rights.