Auxiliaries

Definition

Auxiliaries refer to the class of guardians in Plato's ideal state who support the ruling philosopher-kings in maintaining order and defending the city. They are essential for the stability of the state, acting as soldiers and protectors, trained to uphold justice and execute the laws set forth by the philosopher-kings. This role is crucial because it ensures that the ideals of the state are preserved through their commitment to civic duty and loyalty.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Auxiliaries are trained from a young age to develop physical strength, discipline, and a strong sense of justice.
2. Their primary function is to protect the city-state from external threats and maintain internal order.
3. Auxiliaries must possess qualities such as courage, honor, and loyalty to serve effectively under the guidance of philosopher-kings.
4. They play a vital role in Plato's theory of the tripartite soul, reflecting the spirited part that corresponds to courage and will.
5. Plato argues that auxiliaries should be selected based on merit and virtue rather than wealth or birthright to ensure a just society.

Review Questions

• How do auxiliaries contribute to the overall structure of Plato's ideal state?
  • Auxiliaries are crucial in supporting the philosopher-kings by acting as soldiers who maintain order and defend against threats. Their training emphasizes virtues like courage and loyalty, ensuring they align with the philosophical ideals of justice upheld by their rulers. By serving as guardians of the state, they help translate philosophical principles into practical governance.
• Discuss how the role of auxiliaries reflects Plato's views on education and moral development within his ideal state.
  • In Plato's framework, auxiliaries undergo rigorous education designed to cultivate their virtues and physical prowess. This education aims not only to prepare them for their role as defenders but also to instill a deep understanding of justice and moral responsibility. By emphasizing this education, Plato illustrates how moral development is foundational for those entrusted with power and security in society.
• Evaluate the implications of selecting auxiliaries based on merit rather than lineage in Plato's philosophy.
  • Selecting auxiliaries based on merit challenges traditional notions of power rooted in aristocracy or wealth. This meritocratic approach reinforces Plato's belief that those most capable of serving the state should do so, fostering a more just society. By prioritizing virtue over social status, Plato aims to create a political structure where competence prevails, ultimately leading to a more stable and harmonious community.

Related terms

Philosopher-King: A ruler who possesses both love of wisdom and the capability to govern, embodying the ideal leadership in Plato's vision of a just society.

Guardians: The overall class within Plato's ideal state, consisting of both auxiliaries and philosopher-kings, responsible for ruling and protecting the community.

Virtue: A key concept in Plato's philosophy representing moral excellence, which the auxiliaries must embody in order to effectively serve their role in the state.