Temple of Roma and Augustus

Definition

The Temple of Roma and Augustus was a significant religious structure located in the Forum of Augustus in Rome, dedicated to the personifications of Rome and Emperor Augustus. This temple symbolized the divine authority of Augustus and represented the intertwining of state and religion during the early Roman Empire, showcasing how temples served as both spiritual and political centers in ancient cities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Temple of Roma and Augustus was built around 20 BCE as part of Augustus's broader program to enhance Rome's architecture and reflect his power.
2. The temple was designed in the Corinthian style, featuring grand columns that highlighted its importance within the Forum of Augustus.
3. This temple was one of the first to be dedicated to a city personification, indicating the shift towards viewing Rome itself as a divine entity.
4. Augustus used the temple to legitimize his rule by associating himself with the greatness of Rome, blending politics with religious devotion.
5. The temple influenced later Roman architecture and set a precedent for future imperial temples across the empire, showcasing the lasting impact of Augustus’s vision.

Review Questions

• How did the Temple of Roma and Augustus reflect the relationship between religion and politics in ancient Rome?
  • The Temple of Roma and Augustus exemplifies the close relationship between religion and politics by serving as a symbol of Augustus's divine authority. By dedicating a temple to both Rome and himself, Augustus reinforced his position as a ruler who embodied Roman values while also promoting the idea that the prosperity of Rome was intertwined with his leadership. This merging of spiritual worship with political propaganda highlights how temples were utilized not only for religious purposes but also to legitimize and strengthen political power in ancient cities.
• Discuss the architectural features of the Temple of Roma and Augustus and how they contributed to its significance in the Forum of Augustus.
  • The Temple of Roma and Augustus was designed in the grand Corinthian style, characterized by its impressive columns and ornate decorations. This architectural choice emphasized its importance within the Forum of Augustus, making it a focal point for both worship and civic life. The scale and design reflected Roman ideals of power and grandeur, aligning with Augustus's vision to showcase Rome as a mighty empire under his rule. The temple not only served as a place of worship but also acted as a visual representation of Augustus's achievements and the glory of Rome.
• Evaluate how the establishment of the Temple of Roma and Augustus impacted future Roman religious practices and architectural developments.
  • The establishment of the Temple of Roma and Augustus had lasting implications for Roman religious practices by solidifying the concept of the imperial cult, where emperors were worshipped as divine figures. This set a precedent for subsequent emperors to build similar temples dedicated to themselves or their achievements, thus intertwining their legacies with religious veneration. Architecturally, it influenced later designs by promoting grandeur and symbolism in temple construction throughout the empire, ultimately shaping how Romans viewed their leaders in both a political and spiritual context.

Related terms

Forum: A public square or marketplace in ancient Roman cities, serving as a center for political, social, and economic activities.

Augustan Peace (Pax Romana): A period of relative peace and stability across the Roman Empire that began with Augustus's reign, allowing for cultural flourishing and expansion.

Imperial Cult: The practice of worshipping emperors as divine figures, which solidified their authority and reinforced loyalty among the populace.