Houses of Parliament

Definition

The Houses of Parliament, located in London, is a monumental example of Neo-Gothic architecture, serving as the meeting place for the two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The structure showcases features such as pointed arches, intricate stone carvings, and a dramatic skyline dominated by the iconic clock tower, Big Ben. Its design reflects a revival of Gothic architectural styles that sought to connect the political institution with historical and cultural heritage.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Houses of Parliament were rebuilt in the mid-19th century after a fire destroyed much of the original structure from the 11th century.
2. The architectural design was led by Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin, who combined their expertise to create a distinctive Gothic Revival style.
3. The building features over 1,000 rooms, more than 100 staircases, and numerous towers, showcasing elaborate designs and craftsmanship.
4. The intricate façade is decorated with statues and reliefs representing important figures from British history and mythology.
5. The Houses of Parliament are not only a functioning government building but also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for its cultural significance.

Review Questions

• How does the design of the Houses of Parliament reflect Neo-Gothic architecture's characteristics?
  • The design of the Houses of Parliament embodies key characteristics of Neo-Gothic architecture through its use of pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and decorative stonework. The architects, Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin, incorporated these features to evoke a sense of historical continuity with medieval Gothic structures. This revival style not only enhances the building's aesthetic appeal but also serves to reinforce its significance as a central institution in British governance.
• What role does Big Ben play in relation to the Houses of Parliament and how does it contribute to London's identity?
  • Big Ben, the Great Bell housed within the clock tower at the Houses of Parliament, plays a vital role in London's identity as an iconic symbol recognized worldwide. Its association with the parliamentary building emphasizes both timekeeping and the historical importance of democracy in Britain. The clock tower's striking presence enhances the architectural grandeur of the Palace of Westminster and contributes to its status as a prominent landmark in London.
• Evaluate the significance of the Houses of Parliament as both a functional government building and a symbol of national identity for Britain.
  • The Houses of Parliament serve a dual purpose: they function as a critical site for legislative activities while also acting as an enduring symbol of British national identity. As home to key political institutions and historic debates, they represent democratic governance. Furthermore, their architectural splendor and historical context reflect Britain's rich cultural heritage, making them not only a center for political activity but also a cherished icon that fosters national pride among citizens.

Related terms

Neo-Gothic: A revival style of architecture that emerged in the late 18th century, characterized by features such as pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, reminiscent of medieval Gothic buildings.

Big Ben: The nickname for the Great Bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster, often mistakenly referred to as the clock tower itself.

Palace of Westminster: The official name for the Houses of Parliament, this Gothic Revival building is located on the north bank of the River Thames and serves as a symbol of British democracy.