Thermal convection is the process by which heat is transferred within a fluid (liquid or gas) through the movement of the fluid itself, driven by differences in temperature and density. This mechanism plays a crucial role in the Earth's interior dynamics, influencing phenomena such as mantle movement and the generation of the geomagnetic field in the core. As hot material rises and cooler material sinks, it creates convection cells that contribute to tectonic plate movement and magnetic field behavior.
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