Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are enzymes that add acetyl groups to the lysine residues of histone proteins, resulting in the alteration of chromatin structure and regulation of gene expression. This post-translational modification plays a key role in epigenetic gene regulation by creating a more open chromatin configuration, which enhances transcriptional activity. The action of HATs is crucial for proper eukaryotic transcriptional regulation, as it allows for the recruitment of transcription factors and other necessary proteins to initiate gene expression.
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