African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights

Definition

The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights is an organ established by the African Union to promote and protect human rights across the continent. It plays a crucial role in advancing human rights by examining individual complaints, conducting investigations, and providing guidance on human rights issues within member states, making it an essential component in the fight against human rights abuses and injustices in Africa.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The African Commission was established in 1987 as part of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, which came into force in 1986.
2. It consists of eleven members who are elected by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the African Union for a term of six years.
3. The Commission conducts promotional activities to raise awareness about human rights issues, including workshops, conferences, and reports.
4. It has the authority to receive individual complaints regarding human rights violations from individuals and NGOs, which can lead to investigations and recommendations.
5. The Commission collaborates with various stakeholders, including civil society organizations, to strengthen human rights mechanisms across Africa.

Review Questions

• How does the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights address individual complaints related to human rights violations?
  • The African Commission addresses individual complaints by allowing individuals and non-governmental organizations to submit allegations of human rights violations. Upon receiving a complaint, the Commission may conduct investigations to gather evidence and evaluate the situation. This process often includes dialogue with state parties involved, which aims to resolve issues amicably while ensuring accountability for human rights abuses.
• Discuss the role of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights in shaping the functions of the African Commission.
  • The African Charter serves as the foundational legal document that guides the functions of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. It outlines both civil and political rights as well as economic, social, and cultural rights applicable to individuals and peoples. The Commission's mandate includes monitoring state compliance with these rights, facilitating dialogue among member states, and promoting awareness about human rights issues based on principles set out in the Charter.
• Evaluate how the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights contributes to anti-racist movements in Africa.
  • The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights significantly contributes to anti-racist movements by addressing systemic discrimination through its mechanisms. By investigating reports of racial discrimination and advocating for equality among all peoples, it holds states accountable for their obligations under the African Charter. Moreover, its engagement with civil society enhances grassroots movements aiming to dismantle racism, as it provides a platform for marginalized voices to be heard. This collaborative effort helps foster a culture of respect for diversity and inclusion across the continent.

Related terms

African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights: A regional human rights instrument adopted in 1981, which outlines the rights and duties of individuals and states in Africa, serving as the foundation for the work of the African Commission.

Human Rights Advocacy: The efforts made by individuals and organizations to promote and protect human rights, often involving lobbying, awareness-raising, and direct action to influence policy changes.

State Parties: Countries that have ratified or acceded to a treaty or agreement, thereby accepting the obligations set forth within that document, including compliance with human rights standards.