The Kruskal-Wallis test is a non-parametric statistical method used to determine if there are statistically significant differences between the medians of three or more independent groups. This test is particularly useful when the assumptions of ANOVA are not met, such as when data do not follow a normal distribution or when sample sizes are small. By ranking all the data points and comparing the average ranks across groups, the Kruskal-Wallis test provides a way to analyze differences without relying on parametric assumptions.
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