Venous return refers to the flow of blood back to the heart through the veins, a crucial component in maintaining effective circulation and ensuring adequate cardiac output. This process is influenced by several factors, including the pressure gradient between the veins and the heart, skeletal muscle contractions, and the presence of valves in the veins. The efficiency of venous return can change during different levels of physical activity and with chronic adaptations to exercise, making it essential for understanding cardiovascular function.
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