Farnsworth House

Definition

The Farnsworth House is a modernist glass house designed by architect Mies van der Rohe, completed in 1951. It is celebrated as a masterpiece of the International Style, showcasing minimalist design principles and a strong connection to the surrounding landscape.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Farnsworth House is located in Plano, Illinois, near the Fox River and is raised above ground level to prevent flooding, showcasing Mies van der Rohe's sensitivity to site conditions.
2. Its design features a floating roof supported by slender steel columns and floor-to-ceiling glass walls, which create a seamless transition between indoor and outdoor spaces.
3. The house is considered an exemplar of modernist principles, emphasizing simplicity, clarity, and the absence of ornamentation.
4. The Farnsworth House was commissioned by Dr. Edith Farnsworth as a weekend retreat, reflecting her desire for a tranquil environment that harmonizes with nature.
5. It has been preserved as a historic landmark and is managed by the National Trust for Historic Preservation, drawing visitors interested in architecture and design.

Review Questions

• How does the design of the Farnsworth House exemplify the principles of the International Style?
  • The Farnsworth House exemplifies the International Style through its minimalist design, use of industrial materials like glass and steel, and emphasis on functional living spaces. Mies van der Rohe's approach to architecture promotes simplicity, with the structure showcasing clean lines and a lack of decorative elements. The extensive glass walls create a sense of openness, allowing occupants to experience a continuous connection to nature, which is central to the ideals of the International Style.
• Discuss the significance of site selection in Mies van der Rohe's design for the Farnsworth House.
  • Mies van der Rohe's site selection for the Farnsworth House was crucial to its design and functionality. The house is elevated above ground level to address potential flooding from the nearby Fox River, demonstrating his sensitivity to environmental factors. Additionally, positioning the house among trees enhances its integration with nature, allowing large glass walls to provide unobstructed views of the surrounding landscape. This thoughtful consideration of site underscores Mies' belief that architecture should harmonize with its environment.
• Evaluate how the Farnsworth House has influenced contemporary architecture and its relevance in discussions about modernism.
  • The Farnsworth House has significantly influenced contemporary architecture by setting a precedent for transparency and minimalism in residential design. Its innovative use of materials and open layout continues to inspire architects seeking to create spaces that blur boundaries between indoors and outdoors. In discussions about modernism, the house serves as an important reference point for exploring themes of simplicity, functionality, and the relationship between architecture and nature. Its status as a preserved landmark also raises questions about conservation practices and the ongoing relevance of modernist ideals in today's architectural landscape.

Related terms

Mies van der Rohe:

A prominent German-American architect known for his contributions to modern architecture and his role in developing the International Style.

International Style:

An architectural style that emerged in the 1920s, characterized by minimalism, the use of industrial materials, and an emphasis on functionality.

Glass Box: A term often used to describe structures like the Farnsworth House, which feature extensive use of glass for transparency and open space.