Engineering and the Environment
Operational costs refer to the expenses associated with the day-to-day functioning of a building or facility, including maintenance, utilities, labor, and other recurring expenses. These costs are critical in retrofitting and sustainable renovation projects, as they impact the overall financial feasibility and long-term sustainability of modifications made to existing buildings. Understanding operational costs helps stakeholders evaluate potential savings from energy-efficient upgrades and assess the return on investment for various renovations.
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