Arthritis

Definition

Arthritis refers to a group of more than 100 inflammatory joint diseases that cause pain, swelling, and stiffness in the affected areas. The term is derived from the Greek 'arthron,' meaning 'joint,' and 'itis,' meaning 'inflammation,' emphasizing its nature as an inflammatory condition that affects the joints and surrounding tissues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Arthritis can affect people of all ages, including children, and is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide.
2. There are two main types of arthritis: inflammatory (like rheumatoid arthritis) and degenerative (like osteoarthritis), each having different causes and treatments.
3. Symptoms of arthritis may include joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced range of motion, which can significantly impact daily activities.
4. The exact cause of arthritis varies depending on the type but can include factors such as genetics, age, previous joint injuries, and environmental influences.
5. Treatment options for arthritis often involve a combination of medication, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery to improve quality of life.

Review Questions

• How does the inflammatory nature of arthritis impact a person's daily life?
  • The inflammatory nature of arthritis can lead to persistent pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints, making everyday tasks challenging. Activities such as walking, climbing stairs, or even holding objects can become difficult due to discomfort and reduced mobility. This often results in a decreased quality of life as individuals may need to limit their physical activities or rely on assistance for daily chores.
• Discuss the differences between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in terms of their causes and symptoms.
  • Osteoarthritis is primarily caused by wear and tear on the joints over time, leading to cartilage breakdown and resulting in pain and stiffness typically associated with aging or overuse. In contrast, rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks joint tissues, causing inflammation that can lead to significant joint damage if left untreated. While osteoarthritis symptoms usually develop gradually and focus on specific joints, rheumatoid arthritis can affect multiple joints symmetrically and may also involve systemic symptoms like fatigue and fever.
• Evaluate how lifestyle choices can influence the management of arthritis symptoms.
  • Lifestyle choices play a crucial role in managing arthritis symptoms. Regular exercise can improve joint flexibility and strengthen muscles around the joints, reducing pain levels. Additionally, maintaining a healthy weight can alleviate extra pressure on weight-bearing joints like the knees. Dietary choices that include anti-inflammatory foods may also help reduce flare-ups. Ultimately, making informed lifestyle decisions can empower individuals with arthritis to better control their symptoms and enhance their overall well-being.

Related terms

Osteoarthritis: A degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage and underlying bone, leading to pain and stiffness.

Rheumatoid Arthritis: An autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and potential joint deformities.

Gout: A form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to sudden and severe pain, redness, and swelling.