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Arthritis

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

Arthritis is an inflammatory condition affecting the joints, characterized by pain and stiffness. It can be associated with immune system dysfunction, particularly in autoimmune forms.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks joint tissues.
  2. Cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-1 play crucial roles in the inflammation seen in RA.
  3. Autoantibodies like rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are often present in RA patients.
  4. Certain infections can trigger reactive arthritis, a form of arthritis linked to immune response against pathogens.
  5. The synovial membrane becomes inflamed in RA, leading to pannus formation which damages cartilage and bone.

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