The equation 'emf = -dφ/dt' defines electromotive force (emf) as the negative rate of change of magnetic flux ($$φ$$) through a given area. This relationship indicates how a changing magnetic field induces an electric current in a closed loop, revealing the fundamental principle behind electromagnetic induction. The negative sign reflects Lenz's Law, which states that induced current will flow in a direction to oppose the change that produced it, highlighting the conservation of energy in electromagnetic systems.
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