Goryeo Period

Definition

The Goryeo Period (918-1392) was a significant era in Korean history, marked by the establishment of a centralized state and the flourishing of arts and culture, particularly Buddhist painting and illuminated sutras. This period saw the rise of Goryeo as a major cultural and political power in East Asia, with Buddhism playing a central role in the society and artistic expressions of the time.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Goryeo Period is renowned for its advancements in Buddhist art, especially painting and illuminated sutras, reflecting the deep influence of Buddhism on Korean culture.
2. Goryeo artisans created exquisite paintings that often depicted Buddhist deities, scenes from sutras, and intricate mandalas, which served both religious and decorative purposes.
3. The period also saw the production of illuminated sutras, which were beautifully decorated manuscripts containing Buddhist texts, showcasing skilled calligraphy and artistry.
4. Goryeo was known for its celadon pottery, which featured unique glazes and designs that were highly sought after in both domestic and international markets.
5. The period laid the foundation for Korea's cultural identity, influencing subsequent dynasties with its artistic achievements and philosophical developments.

Review Questions

• How did Buddhism influence the artistic expressions during the Goryeo Period?
  • Buddhism had a profound impact on the artistic expressions of the Goryeo Period. Artists created works that reflected Buddhist themes, including paintings of deities and scenes from sacred texts. Illuminated sutras emerged as significant religious manuscripts that combined calligraphy with intricate illustrations, demonstrating how deeply intertwined art was with Buddhist practice during this era. This connection not only enriched Korean art but also helped to solidify Buddhism's central role in society.
• Discuss the significance of celadon pottery in relation to Goryeo's cultural identity.
  • Celadon pottery became a hallmark of Goryeo's cultural identity due to its unique aesthetic qualities and craftsmanship. The exquisite green glaze and delicate designs represented advanced ceramic techniques that were distinct to this period. This pottery was not only used domestically but also traded widely, allowing Goryeo to establish itself as a cultural leader in East Asia. The beauty and craftsmanship of celadon reflect the broader artistic achievements of the Goryeo Period, contributing to Korea's lasting legacy in ceramics.
• Evaluate how the Tripitaka Koreana reflects the intellectual and religious values of the Goryeo Period.
  • The Tripitaka Koreana exemplifies the intellectual and religious values of the Goryeo Period by showcasing an unwavering commitment to Buddhist teachings and scholarship. Its creation involved meticulous craftsmanship and dedication to preserving accurate translations of texts. This project not only highlights the significance placed on Buddhist literature but also reflects Goryeo's aspirations to establish itself as a center of learning in East Asia. The Tripitaka Koreana's influence extends beyond its religious context; it represents a cultural milestone that continues to impact Korean identity and Buddhist scholarship today.

Related terms

Buddhism:

A religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha), emphasizing the path to enlightenment through meditation, moral living, and spiritual development.

Celadon: A type of high-fired stoneware pottery known for its distinctive green glaze, which became prominent during the Goryeo Period, showcasing the advanced craftsmanship of Korean artisans.

Tripitaka Koreana:

An extensive collection of Buddhist scriptures carved onto wooden blocks, created during the Goryeo Period, recognized as one of the most complete and accurate versions of Buddhist texts.