Inca Resistance

Definition

Inca Resistance refers to the efforts made by the Inca civilization to oppose and fight back against Spanish colonization during the 16th century. This resistance manifested in various forms, including military confrontations, rebellions, and the preservation of cultural practices and traditions in the face of European conquest. The resistance highlights the Inca's determination to maintain their sovereignty and social structures despite overwhelming odds.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In 1532, Atahualpa was captured by Spanish forces, leading to significant unrest and resistance among the Inca people as they sought to free their leader.
2. One of the most notable acts of resistance was the Siege of Cuzco in 1536-1537, where Inca forces attempted to reclaim their capital from Spanish control.
3. The Inca resistance was characterized not just by military action but also by efforts to preserve traditional customs and practices threatened by Spanish colonization.
4. Despite their initial military losses, the Incas continued to resist through various rebellions and uprisings over several decades, indicating their enduring spirit.
5. The legacy of Inca resistance inspired future movements against colonial powers, as seen in later uprisings like that of Túpac Amaru II in the late 18th century.

Review Questions

• How did the capture of Atahualpa impact the Inca's efforts to resist Spanish colonization?
  • The capture of Atahualpa in 1532 had a profound impact on Inca resistance efforts. His imprisonment and eventual execution demoralized many Incas but also ignited fierce anger and determination among others to oppose Spanish forces. This led to heightened resistance activities, such as military confrontations and attempts to regroup under different leaders, highlighting how pivotal leadership was to the Inca's fight against colonization.
• Discuss the significance of the Siege of Cuzco within the broader context of Inca resistance against Spanish colonization.
  • The Siege of Cuzco from 1536 to 1537 represented a crucial moment in Inca resistance as it illustrated their tactical attempts to reclaim their capital and assert control. It showcased not only military engagement but also unity among different factions within the Inca society against a common enemy. The siege highlighted the strategic importance of Cuzco as both a political and cultural center for the Incas, emphasizing their refusal to accept Spanish domination.
• Evaluate how the legacy of Inca resistance influenced later anti-colonial movements in South America.
  • The legacy of Inca resistance significantly influenced later anti-colonial movements across South America by providing a historical framework for indigenous opposition against colonial powers. Leaders like Túpac Amaru II drew inspiration from earlier struggles, invoking Inca heritage and symbolizing indigenous resilience. This continuity of resistance highlighted the ongoing fight for autonomy and rights among indigenous populations, shaping national identities and movements throughout the continent in response to colonial legacies.

Related terms

Atahualpa: The last Sapa Inca (emperor) of the Inca Empire, who was captured and executed by Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro.

Túpac Amaru II: A leader of a major uprising against Spanish rule in Peru during the 18th century, named after the last Inca emperor, reflecting a legacy of Inca resistance.

Cuzco: The historic capital of the Inca Empire, which became a focal point for resistance efforts against Spanish domination.