Secretary of Defense

Definition

The Secretary of Defense is the head of the United States Department of Defense and is responsible for overseeing the nation's military and coordinating national defense policy. This position is vital in shaping military strategies and ensuring the readiness and operational effectiveness of the armed forces, making it a key player in both domestic and international security matters.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Secretary of Defense is a member of the President's Cabinet and is appointed by the President with Senate confirmation.
2. This role was established with the National Security Act of 1947, which restructured U.S. military and foreign policy following World War II.
3. The Secretary serves as the principal defense policy advisor to the President, influencing decisions on military engagement and defense budget allocations.
4. They have direct oversight of all branches of the U.S. Armed Forces, including the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.
5. The Secretary often plays a crucial role in international relations, particularly in formulating responses to global conflicts or security threats.

Review Questions

• How does the Secretary of Defense influence military strategy within the Department of Defense?
  • The Secretary of Defense plays a critical role in shaping military strategy by coordinating defense policy across all branches of the armed forces. This individual works closely with military leaders, including the Joint Chiefs of Staff, to assess threats and develop strategic responses. By overseeing operations and resource allocation, the Secretary ensures that military strategies align with national security objectives.
• What is the relationship between the Secretary of Defense and the National Security Council regarding U.S. foreign policy?
  • The Secretary of Defense holds a pivotal position within the National Security Council, serving as a key advisor on defense issues related to foreign policy. This relationship allows for integrated discussions about how military capabilities can support diplomatic goals. By collaborating with other council members, including the Secretary of State, they work to ensure that defense strategies are in sync with overall U.S. foreign policy objectives.
• Evaluate how changes in leadership within the Secretary of Defense position can impact U.S. defense policies and international relations.
  • Changes in leadership at the level of Secretary of Defense can significantly reshape U.S. defense policies and international relations due to differing philosophies on military engagement and resource prioritization. A new Secretary may advocate for increased military presence or a shift in focus toward specific global threats, thereby altering existing strategies. These shifts can lead to changes in alliances, adjustments in defense budgets, and varying responses to international conflicts, ultimately affecting global stability.

Related terms

Department of Defense: The federal department responsible for coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions related to national security and military matters.

National Security Council: A principal forum used by the President of the United States for considering national security and foreign policy matters, which includes the Secretary of Defense as a key member.

Joint Chiefs of Staff: A group of senior military leaders who advise the President and the Secretary of Defense on military strategy and operations.