Deductive arguments

Definition

Deductive arguments are logical processes in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the given premises. If the premises are true and the argument is valid, the conclusion must also be true.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Deductions move from general premises to a specific conclusion.
2. A valid deductive argument ensures that if the premises are true, the conclusion cannot be false.
3. Soundness in deductive arguments requires both validity and true premises.
4. Syllogisms are a common form of deductive reasoning involving two premises leading to a conclusion.
5. In formal logic, deductive arguments are evaluated based on their form rather than content.

Review Questions

• What distinguishes a valid deductive argument from an invalid one?
• How does soundness differ from validity in deductive arguments?
• Can you provide an example of a syllogism?

Related terms

Inductive Arguments: A type of reasoning where generalizations are made based on specific observations.

Premises: Statements or propositions from which conclusions are drawn in logical arguments.

Syllogism: A form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two given or assumed propositions (premises).