The apportionment paradox occurs when a change in the total number of items to be apportioned, or changes in the distribution criteria, leads to unexpected or counterintuitive results. This is often seen in the allocation of seats in a legislative body where different methods can yield different outcomes.
Hamilton's Method: A method of apportionment that assigns seats based on quotas calculated from proportions.
Jefferson's Method: An apportionment technique that uses modified divisors to allocate seats proportionally.
Webster's Method: A way of distributing seats by rounding quotas to the nearest whole number.