Exciton formation is the process by which an electron and a hole pair up to create a bound state known as an exciton, which is a crucial concept in the study of semiconductor physics. This bound state arises when an electron, excited to a higher energy level, leaves behind a hole in the valence band, creating an attractive interaction between the negatively charged electron and the positively charged hole. In quantum wells, excitons play a vital role in determining optical properties and can greatly influence electronic behavior due to their confinement and reduced dimensionality.
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