Triglycerides

Definition

Triglycerides are a type of lipid made up of one glycerol molecule bound to three fatty acids. They are the main constituents of body fat in humans and animals, as well as vegetable fat.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Triglycerides store energy for later use and provide insulation and protection for organs.
2. They are formed through a dehydration synthesis reaction between glycerol and fatty acids.
3. High levels of triglycerides in the blood can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
4. Triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids through hydrolysis during digestion.
5. They can be saturated or unsaturated, depending on the types of fatty acids they contain.

Review Questions

• What molecules make up a triglyceride?
• How do high levels of triglycerides affect health?
• What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated triglycerides?

Related terms

Fatty Acids: Long hydrocarbon chains that may be saturated or unsaturated, forming part of lipids like triglycerides.

Glycerol: A three-carbon alcohol that forms the backbone of triglyceride molecules.

Lipid: A broad group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, and fat-soluble vitamins.