Solute

Definition

A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. In biological systems, solutes can be ions, molecules, or gases that are distributed within cells and fluids.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In passive transport, solutes move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the use of energy.
2. The rate at which a solute diffuses depends on its size, polarity, and the concentration gradient.
3. Osmosis is a specific type of passive transport where water moves across a membrane due to differences in solute concentrations.
4. Solutes such as glucose and electrolytes are crucial for maintaining cellular functions and homeostasis.
5. Cell membranes are selectively permeable, allowing some solutes to pass more easily than others.

Review Questions

• What factors influence the rate at which a solute diffuses across a cell membrane?
• How does osmosis differ from other types of passive transport involving solutes?
• Why are certain solutes like glucose important for cellular function?

Related terms

Solvent:

A substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution; typically the liquid in which other materials are dissolved.

Concentration Gradient: The gradual change in the concentration of solutes in a solution between two regions.

Selective Permeability: The property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through while restricting others.