Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Definition

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is an organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification. Unlike the rough ER, it lacks ribosomes on its surface, giving it a smooth appearance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The SER is involved in the synthesis of lipids, including phospholipids and steroids.
2. It plays a key role in detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs within liver cells.
3. Calcium ions are stored and regulated by the SER, especially in muscle cells.
4. The amount of SER varies depending on the cell type and its specific functions.
5. SER also helps in carbohydrate metabolism by converting glycogen to glucose.

Review Questions

• What are two primary functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
• How does the appearance of the smooth ER differ from that of the rough ER?
• Why is the SER particularly abundant in liver cells?

Related terms

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER): An organelle covered with ribosomes, primarily involved in protein synthesis.

Golgi Apparatus: A cell organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell.

Lysosome: A membrane-bound organelle containing digestive enzymes used to break down waste materials and cellular debris.