Proteomics

Definition

Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions. It provides insights into the dynamic processes within cells by analyzing the entire set of proteins expressed at a given time.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Proteomics complements genomics by focusing on the actual functional molecules in cells.
2. Techniques such as mass spectrometry and chromatography are commonly used in proteomic studies.
3. Proteomics can help identify biomarkers for diseases, leading to potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
4. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are a key area of focus in proteomics because they affect protein function.
5. Bioinformatics tools are crucial for managing and interpreting proteomic data due to its complexity.

Review Questions

• What is the main focus of proteomics?
• Which techniques are commonly used in proteomic studies?
• Why are post-translational modifications important in proteomics?

Related terms

Genomics: The study of genomes, encompassing the complete set of DNA within an organism.

Mass Spectrometry: An analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions, key in identifying and quantifying proteins.

Bioinformatics: The application of computational tools to store, analyze, and interpret biological data, especially large datasets like those generated in genomics and proteomics.