Proteins

Definition

Proteins are large, complex molecules made up of amino acids and play many critical roles in the body. They are essential for building tissues, enzymes, and hormones.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids.
2. The sequence of amino acids determines a protein's structure and function.
3. Enzymes, which speed up chemical reactions, are a type of protein.
4. Proteins can be denatured by changes in temperature or pH.
5. Hemoglobin and insulin are examples of proteins with specific functions in the body.

Review Questions

• What are the building blocks of proteins?
• How does the sequence of amino acids affect a protein?
• Name two examples of proteins and their functions.

Related terms

Amino Acids: The building blocks that form proteins through peptide bonds

Enzymes:

Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions without being consumed

Denaturation: The process by which a protein loses its shape due to external stress like heat or pH changes