Potential energy

Definition

Potential energy is the stored energy an object possesses due to its position or state. In biological systems, it is often stored in the bonds of molecules such as ATP.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Potential energy in cells is primarily stored in chemical bonds, such as those found in ATP.
2. The hydrolysis of ATP releases potential energy that can be used for cellular processes.
3. Glucose molecules store potential energy that can be released during cellular respiration.
4. Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy to perform work within cells.
5. Electrochemical gradients across membranes represent a form of potential energy used in ATP synthesis.

Review Questions

• What molecule is primarily responsible for storing and releasing potential energy in cells?
• How is potential energy converted into usable cellular work?
• Why are electrochemical gradients considered a form of potential energy?

Related terms

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate: A molecule that stores and releases energy for many cellular processes.

Cellular Respiration: A process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into ATP, releasing stored potential energy.

Electrochemical Gradient: A gradient formed by the difference in charge and chemical concentration across a membrane, storing potential energy.