Pancreas

Definition

The pancreas is a glandular organ located behind the stomach that plays a crucial role in digestion and blood sugar regulation. It produces digestive enzymes and hormones, such as insulin and glucagon.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions.
2. Exocrine cells in the pancreas produce digestive enzymes like amylase, lipase, and proteases.
3. Endocrine cells in the pancreas include alpha cells that secrete glucagon and beta cells that secrete insulin.
4. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular glucose uptake.
5. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver.

Review Questions

• What are the two main functions of the pancreas?
• Which pancreatic hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
• Name one enzyme produced by the exocrine cells of the pancreas.

Related terms

Insulin: A hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels.

Glucagon: A hormone produced by alpha cells in the pancreas that increases blood sugar levels.

Amylase: An enzyme produced by the pancreas that helps break down carbohydrates into sugars.