Memory cell

Definition

A memory cell is a type of lymphocyte that remains in the body long after an infection has been eliminated. It 'remembers' specific pathogens and enables a quicker and more effective immune response upon re-exposure.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Memory cells are derived from activated B or T cells during an initial immune response.
2. They play a crucial role in providing long-term immunity and faster secondary responses to previously encountered antigens.
3. Memory B cells can quickly differentiate into plasma cells to produce antibodies upon re-exposure to their specific antigen.
4. Memory T cells help in recognizing and attacking previously encountered pathogens by rapidly proliferating and activating other immune cells.
5. Vaccinations work by generating memory cells specific to the pathogen, providing immunity without causing the disease.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of memory cells in the immune system?
• How do memory B cells contribute to a quicker immune response upon re-exposure to an antigen?
• Why are memory T cells important for adaptive immunity?

Related terms

Lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell that plays a significant role in the body's immune response.

Antigen: A substance that induces an immune response, often by being recognized as foreign by the body.

Vaccination: The administration of a vaccine to stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen.