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A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait in the phenotype when present, even if only one copy is inherited. It masks the presence of a recessive allele.
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Recessive: An allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present.
Heterozygous: Having two different alleles for a particular gene.
Phenotype: The observable characteristics or traits of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.