Convergent evolution

Definition

Convergent evolution is the process where organisms not closely related independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches. This leads to the development of analogous structures that perform similar functions but are not derived from a common ancestor.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Convergent evolution results in analogous structures, which have similar function and appearance but different evolutionary origins.
2. Examples of convergent evolution include the wings of bats, birds, and insects.
3. It demonstrates how different species can develop similar adaptations to survive in comparable environmental conditions.
4. Convergent evolution differs from divergent evolution, where related species evolve different traits.
5. It provides evidence for natural selection by showing how specific environmental pressures can lead to similar adaptations across unrelated species.

Review Questions

• What is the primary difference between convergent and divergent evolution?
• Can you provide an example of analogous structures resulting from convergent evolution?
• How does convergent evolution support the theory of natural selection?

Related terms

Analogous Structures: Structures that perform a similar function but are not derived from a common ancestor.

Divergent Evolution: The process by which two or more related species become more dissimilar over time.

Natural Selection: The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.