Chiasmata

Definition

Chiasmata are the points where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis. They are crucial for genetic variation and proper chromosome segregation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chiasmata form during prophase I of meiosis.
2. They facilitate the process of crossing over, where genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes.
3. The presence of chiasmata helps ensure accurate alignment and separation of homologous chromosomes.
4. Without chiasmata, there would be less genetic diversity in gametes.
5. Chiasmata are visible under a microscope as X-shaped structures at sites of crossover.

Review Questions

• During which phase of meiosis do chiasmata form?
• What role do chiasmata play in genetic variation?
• Why is the presence of chiasmata important for chromosome segregation?

Related terms

Homologous Chromosomes: Pairs of chromosomes containing the same genes but possibly different alleles, one from each parent.

Crossing Over: The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.

Synapsis:

The pairing and physical connection between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.