Botulism

Definition

Botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It can lead to paralysis and is often associated with improperly canned or preserved foods.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Botulism is caused by the neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, a Gram-positive bacterium.
2. There are three main types of botulism: foodborne, wound, and infant botulism.
3. Symptoms of botulism include muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing, and respiratory issues.
4. The toxin blocks nerve function by preventing the release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions.
5. Botulinum antitoxin can be administered to neutralize the toxin if diagnosed early.

Review Questions

• What bacterium causes botulism?
• Name the three main types of botulism.
• How does the botulinum toxin affect nerve function?

Related terms

Clostridium botulinum: A Gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium that produces a potent neurotoxin.

Neurotoxin: A type of toxin that targets nervous tissue and disrupts normal nerve function.

Acetylcholine: A neurotransmitter in both central and peripheral nervous systems involved in muscle activation.