Biosphere

Definition

The biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems, encompassing all living organisms and their physical environments on Earth. It includes land, water, and the atmosphere where life exists.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The biosphere extends from the deepest ocean floors to about 8 kilometers above sea level in the atmosphere.
2. It is a closed system with respect to matter but an open system with respect to energy, receiving sunlight as its primary energy source.
3. Biomes such as forests, deserts, and tundras are major subdivisions within the biosphere based on climate and dominant vegetation.
4. Human activities like pollution and deforestation can significantly impact the health and balance of the biosphere.
5. The concept of the biosphere helps scientists understand interactions between living organisms and their environments on a global scale.

Review Questions

• What distinguishes the biosphere as a unique layer of Earth?
• How does energy flow into and through the biosphere?
• Why are human activities considered impactful to the biosphere?

Related terms

Ecosystem:

A community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Biome:

A large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat.

Biodiversity: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.