Biofilm

Definition

A biofilm is a complex aggregation of microorganisms growing on a solid substrate. These microorganisms are embedded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Biofilms can form on both living and non-living surfaces, including medical devices and natural environments like river rocks.
2. The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in biofilms protects the microbes from environmental stresses and antibiotics.
3. Biofilms play crucial roles in natural ecosystems by contributing to nutrient cycling and waste decomposition.
4. In healthcare settings, biofilms can cause persistent infections due to their resistance to antibiotics.
5. Common bacteria that form biofilms include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutans.

Review Questions

• What are the main components of a biofilm?
• Why are biofilms more resistant to antibiotics compared to free-floating bacteria?
• Name three common environments or surfaces where biofilms can form.

Related terms

Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS): A complex mixture of polymers secreted by microorganisms in a biofilm that provides structural stability and protection.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A common bacterium known for forming biofilms and causing infections, particularly in healthcare settings.

Antibiotic Resistance: The ability of microorganisms to withstand the effects of an antibiotic they were once susceptible to.