ATP synthase
Definition
ATP synthase is an enzyme that creates the energy storage molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate. It is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and plays a crucial role in cellular respiration.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- ATP synthase utilizes the proton gradient generated by the electron transport chain to synthesize ATP.
- The enzyme is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotic cells.
- ATP synthase consists of two main components: F0, which forms a channel for protons, and F1, which synthesizes ATP.
- The rotation of the F0 component driven by proton flow leads to conformational changes in the F1 unit that catalyze ATP formation.
- Inhibitors of ATP synthase can disrupt cellular respiration, leading to decreased energy production.
Review Questions
- How does ATP synthase produce ATP?
- Where in the cell is ATP synthase primarily located?
- What are the two main components of ATP synthase and their functions?
"ATP synthase" appears in:
Subjects (3)
Related terms
Electron Transport Chain: A series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons and pump protons to create a proton gradient.
Proton Gradient: The difference in proton concentration across a membrane, which drives processes like ATP synthesis.
Oxidative Phosphorylation: The process by which cells generate ATP using enzymes like ATP synthase, powered by energy derived from electrons transferred through the electron transport chain.
