Adrenal glands
Definition
Adrenal glands are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of each kidney. They produce hormones that help regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, and stress responses.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- The adrenal glands consist of two parts: the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla.
- The adrenal cortex produces steroid hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.
- The adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine).
- Cortisol helps control blood sugar levels, regulate metabolism, reduce inflammation, and assist with memory formulation.
- Aldosterone plays a key role in regulating blood pressure by maintaining salt and water balance.
Review Questions
- What are the two main parts of the adrenal glands?
- Which hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?
- How does aldosterone affect blood pressure regulation?
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Subjects (6)
Related terms
Cortisol: A steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates metabolism and stress responses.
Adrenaline: Also known as epinephrine, it's a hormone released by the adrenal medulla that increases heart rate and energy in response to stress.
Aldosterone: A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that helps regulate blood pressure through salt and water balance.
