Active transport
Definition
Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy, typically in the form of ATP. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and function.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Active transport requires energy input, usually derived from ATP.
- It involves carrier proteins known as pumps that are specific to the substances being transported.
- The sodium-potassium pump is a well-known example that helps maintain cell potential by moving sodium out and potassium into the cell.
- Active transport is crucial for nutrient uptake, waste removal, and maintaining ion gradients across membranes.
- There are two main types of active transport: primary (direct use of ATP) and secondary (indirect use of energy).
Review Questions
- What form of energy is most commonly used in active transport?
- Name an example of a carrier protein involved in active transport and its function.
- How does active transport differ from passive transport?
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Subjects (6)
Related terms
Passive Transport: The movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, moving from high to low concentration.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): A molecule that provides energy for cellular processes including active transport.
Sodium-Potassium Pump: A type of carrier protein that uses ATP to move sodium ions out and potassium ions into the cell against their concentration gradients.
