Active immunity

Definition

Active immunity is the protection against disease through the production of antibodies by the immune system in response to exposure to a pathogen. It can be acquired naturally through infection or artificially through vaccination.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Active immunity involves the adaptive immune system, which has memory and specificity.
2. It typically provides long-lasting protection, sometimes for life.
3. Vaccines are a common method to induce active immunity without causing disease.
4. The body takes time to develop active immunity after initial exposure to a pathogen.
5. Active immunity contrasts with passive immunity, where antibodies are transferred from another source.

Review Questions

• What is the primary difference between active and passive immunity?
• How does vaccination contribute to active immunity?
• Why is active immunity considered long-lasting?

Related terms

Pathogen: A microorganism that can cause disease.

Antibodies:

Proteins produced by B cells that neutralize or destroy pathogens.

Vaccination: The process of introducing a vaccine into the body to induce active immunity.