General circulation models (GCMs) are complex computer algorithms that simulate the Earth's atmosphere and oceans to understand and predict climate patterns and changes over time. These models are essential tools in environmental and atmospheric chemistry modeling, as they help scientists analyze the interactions between various components of the climate system, including the atmosphere, land surface, and oceans. By utilizing mathematical equations based on physical laws, GCMs allow researchers to project future climate scenarios and assess the impact of human activities and natural phenomena on the environment.
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