Positivism is a philosophical theory asserting that knowledge is primarily derived from empirical evidence gathered through observation, experimentation, and logical reasoning. This perspective emphasizes that authentic knowledge is based on observable phenomena and their relationships, separating scientific inquiry from metaphysical or religious explanations. Positivism is foundational in the social sciences and influences the distinction between objective and subjective understanding, relating to interpretivism and the broader discussions of ontology and epistemology.
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