Valence shell

Definition

The valence shell is the outermost electron shell of an atom. It determines the atom's chemical properties and its ability to form bonds with other atoms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Atoms are most stable when their valence shells are filled with electrons.
2. The number of electrons in the valence shell determines an element's group in the periodic table.
3. Valence electrons participate in chemical bonding, either by being shared or transferred.
4. Elements with similar valence electron configurations exhibit similar chemical behaviors.
5. Ions form when atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a full valence shell.

Review Questions

• What role does the valence shell play in determining an atom's chemical properties?
• How does the number of valence electrons relate to an element's position in the periodic table?
• Why do atoms form ions or molecules in terms of their valence shells?

Related terms

Electron Configuration: The distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.

Covalent Bond: A type of chemical bond where two atoms share pairs of electrons.

Ionization Energy: The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion completely.