Triacylglycerols

Definition

Triacylglycerols are lipid molecules composed of three fatty acids esterified to a glycerol backbone. They function primarily as energy storage molecules in organisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Triacylglycerols are also known as triglycerides.
2. They are formed through a dehydration synthesis reaction.
3. These molecules are hydrophobic and insoluble in water.
4. Triacylglycerols can be broken down into glycerol and free fatty acids through hydrolysis.
5. They provide more than twice the energy per gram compared to carbohydrates or proteins.

Review Questions

• What are the primary components of triacylglycerols?
• How do triacylglycerols differ from phospholipids in terms of structure and function?
• Why do triacylglycerols provide more energy per gram than carbohydrates?

Related terms

Fatty Acids: Long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group at one end, which can be saturated or unsaturated.

Glycerol: A three-carbon alcohol that serves as the backbone for triacylglycerols.

Phospholipids: Major components of cell membranes, consisting of two fatty acids, a glycerol molecule, and a phosphate group.