Saprophyte

Definition

A saprophyte is an organism that feeds on decaying organic matter, playing a crucial role in nutrient cycling. They primarily break down dead plant and animal tissues, releasing nutrients back into the soil.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Saprophytes are essential for decomposing organic material and recycling nutrients in ecosystems.
2. Most saprophytes are fungi or bacteria, though some plants can exhibit saprophytic behavior.
3. They secrete enzymes to break down complex organic molecules into simpler substances they can absorb.
4. Saprophytic activity helps improve soil fertility by increasing the availability of essential nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus.
5. In terrestrial ecosystems, saprophytes contribute significantly to the formation of humus, enriching soil structure and moisture retention.

Review Questions

• What role do saprophytes play in nutrient cycling?
• Name two types of organisms that commonly exhibit saprophytic behavior.
• How do saprophytes contribute to soil fertility?

Related terms

Decomposer: Organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, including both saprophytes and detritivores.

Humus: The dark organic material formed in soil from the decomposition of plant and animal matter by microorganisms.

Mycorrhiza: A symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of a vascular host plant, aiding in nutrient absorption.