Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Polygynous refers to a mating system in which a male mates with multiple females. This system is common in many animal species and can influence social structure and reproductive success.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Polygyny often occurs in species where males compete for access to multiple females, typically through displays of strength or attractiveness.
This mating system can lead to sexual dimorphism, where males and females of the same species exhibit different characteristics beyond sexual organs.
In polygynous systems, males may provide little to no parental care, focusing instead on mating with as many females as possible.
Habitat resources and female distribution play a crucial role in the evolution of polygyny; abundant resources can support larger groups of females per male.
Polygynous behavior can affect population dynamics, including gene flow and genetic diversity within a community.
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Related terms
Monogamy: A mating system in which one male mates exclusively with one female.
Polyandry: A mating system where one female mates with multiple males.
Sexual Dimorphism: Differences in size or appearance between males and females of the same species.