Phytoplankton

Definition

Phytoplankton are microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments. They form the base of most aquatic food webs and play a crucial role in carbon cycling.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Phytoplankton produce over half of the world's oxygen through photosynthesis.
2. They are primary producers in aquatic biomes, serving as the main food source for many marine organisms.
3. Phytoplankton populations are influenced by nutrient availability, light, and water temperature.
4. They can be categorized into major groups such as diatoms, dinoflagellates, and cyanobacteria.
5. Blooms of phytoplankton can significantly impact water quality and marine ecosystems.

Review Questions

• What role do phytoplankton play in the carbon cycle?
• How do environmental factors like light and nutrients affect phytoplankton populations?
• Name three major groups of phytoplankton and describe one characteristic of each.

Related terms

Zooplankton: Microscopic animals that feed on phytoplankton and other small particles in aquatic environments.

Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants and some microorganisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.

Marine Ecosystem: A complex community of organisms living together in a marine environment, including interactions with their physical surroundings.