Perception

Definition

Perception is the process by which sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced. It involves the brain's interpretation of signals from the sensory organs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Perception involves both bottom-up processing (sensory input) and top-down processing (prior knowledge).
2. The primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe is crucial for processing visual perception.
3. Perceptual constancy allows us to recognize objects as stable despite changes in sensory input, such as lighting or distance.
4. The Gestalt principles explain how we perceive objects as whole forms rather than just a collection of parts.
5. Sensory adaptation refers to the diminished sensitivity to a constant stimulus over time, which affects our perception.

Review Questions

• What role does the primary visual cortex play in perception?
• How do bottom-up and top-down processing contribute to perception?
• What is perceptual constancy and why is it important?

Related terms

Sensation: The initial detection of energy from the physical environment by sensory receptors.

Top-Down Processing: Cognitive process that influences perception by using prior knowledge and experiences.

Gestalt Principles: Psychological theories that describe how people tend to organize visual elements into groups or unified wholes.