Pedigree analysis

Definition

Pedigree analysis is a diagrammatic method used to study the inheritance patterns of traits across generations in a family. It helps in identifying whether a trait is dominant, recessive, autosomal, or sex-linked.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pedigree charts use standardized symbols where squares represent males and circles represent females.
2. A filled symbol indicates an individual expressing the trait, while an empty symbol indicates an unaffected individual.
3. Horizontal lines connecting a male and female represent mating, and vertical lines lead to their offspring.
4. Pedigree analysis can help predict genetic disorders within a family by revealing carriers of recessive alleles.
5. It is often used to track Mendelian inheritance patterns such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant, and X-linked recessive.

Review Questions

• What do the shapes and their fillings in a pedigree chart signify?
• How can pedigree analysis help in predicting genetic disorders?
• What inheritance patterns can be identified using pedigree analysis?

Related terms

Genotype: The genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Phenotype: The observable characteristics or traits of an organism.

Mendelian Inheritance: Patterns of inheritance that are characteristic of organisms that reproduce sexually.