Monoecious

Definition

Monoecious organisms have both male and female reproductive structures on the same individual. This term is commonly used in botany and zoology to describe certain plant species and invertebrates.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In gymnosperms, monoecious plants bear both pollen cones (male) and seed cones (female) on the same plant.
2. Phylum Porifera includes some monoecious species where a single sponge can produce both eggs and sperm.
3. Monoecious plants support self-pollination but often have mechanisms to promote cross-pollination for genetic diversity.
4. The term 'monoecious' is derived from Greek words meaning 'one house,' indicating both sexes are housed in one individual.
5. Examples of monoecious plants include corn (Zea mays) and pine trees.

Review Questions

• What are the reproductive structures found in monoecious gymnosperms?
• How do monoecious sponges reproduce?
• Why might a monoecious plant still favor cross-pollination over self-pollination?

Related terms

Dioecious: Organisms that have separate male and female individuals, each producing only one type of reproductive organ.

Hermaphroditic: An organism that has both male and female reproductive organs; similar to but not synonymous with monoecious.

Cross-Pollination: The transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organ of one plant to the female reproductive organ of another plant, leading to greater genetic diversity.