Leptin

Definition

Leptin is a hormone predominantly produced by adipose (fat) tissue that helps regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger. It communicates with the hypothalamus in the brain to signal satiety and control food intake.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Leptin levels are directly proportional to body fat; higher fat stores result in higher leptin levels.
2. The hypothalamus is the primary brain region where leptin exerts its appetite-suppressing effects.
3. Leptin resistance, often seen in obesity, occurs when the body does not respond effectively to high levels of leptin.
4. Leptin also plays a role in regulating metabolism and energy expenditure.
5. Mutations in the gene encoding leptin or its receptor can lead to severe obesity.

Review Questions

• How does leptin affect hunger and energy balance?
• What is leptin resistance and how is it related to obesity?
• Which part of the brain is primarily involved in leptin's regulatory functions?

Related terms

Hypothalamus: A region of the brain responsible for regulating hunger, thirst, sleep, and other homeostatic systems.

Adipose Tissue: Connective tissue that stores fat and produces hormones like leptin.

Ghrelin: A hormone produced mainly by the stomach that stimulates appetite, often considered an antagonist to leptin.